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Tenses
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Past Perfect Tense
It is used to express an action which has happened or completed in past (usually a long time ago). In this tense,
time should not come. If time is mentioned in the tense, then it will become past indefinite tense.
Note Words like till, by then, before, by today/yesterday/evening etc. are normally used in Past Perfect Tense.
The patient had died. –Past perfect tense.
The patient died at 3 pm - Past Indefinite (Because time has come in the sentence.)
पास्ट पर्फेक्ट टेन्स की पहचान - वाक्य के अंत में 'आया था' 'गया था' 'चुका था' 'चुकी थी' 'चुके थे' आदि का प्रयोग होता है । ऐसे वाक्यों में समय का प्रयोग नहीं आना चाहिए ।
अगर समय का प्रयोग हो तो वह वाक्य पास्ट इन्डेफिनेट कहलाते हैं ।
पास्ट परफेक्ट टेन्स के वाक्यों में, अभी तक, अब तक, पहले, कल तक, शाम तक आदि शब्दों का प्रयोग हो सकता है ।
मरीज मर चुका था । – पास्ट पर्फेक्ट टेन्स.
मरीज तीन बजे मर चुका था । –पास्ट इन्डेफिनेट टेन्स (क्योंकि वाक्य में समय आया है) ।
Past Perfect Tense - Positive
| Past Perfect Tense - Positive | |
|---|---|
| Type of Sentence | Rule |
| Positive | Subject + Had + Verb (3rd form) + Object + (.) |
In Past Perfect Tense, helping verb 'Had' is used. 3rd Fom of Verb is used in all types of sentences of Past Perfect Tense.
पास्ट परफेक्ट टेन्स में हल्पिंग वर्ब 'Had' का प्रयोग होता है और वर्ब की थर्ड फार्म इसके सभी प्रकार के वाक्यों में इस्तेमाल होती है ।
| Past Perfect Tense - Positive | मैंने सबको भेद बता दिया था । | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | Subject | Had | Verb (3rd Form ) | Object |
| Ist person | I | Had | disclosed | the secret to all. |
| Ist Person -Plural | We | Had | disclosed | the secret to all. |
| 2nd Person | You | Had | disclosed | the secret to all. |
| 3rd Person -Singular | He/She/It/Ram | Had | disclosed | the secret to all. |
| 3rd Person -Plural | They/boys | Had | disclosed | the secret to all. |
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Past Perfect Tense - Negative
| Past Perfect Tense - Negative | |
|---|---|
| Type of Sentence | Rule |
| Negative | Subject + Had + Not + Verb (3rd form) + Object + (.) |
In Negative sentence of Past Perfect Tense, 'Not' is added just before Verb(3rd form).
पास्ट परफेक्ट टेन्स के नकारात्मक वाक्य में 'Not' को वर्ब से पहले लगाते हैं ।
| Past Perfect Tense - Negative | तुमने मेरे बॉस को सूचित नहीं किया था । | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | Subject | Had | Not + Verb (3rd Form) | Object |
| Ist person | I | Had | not informed | my boss. |
| Ist Person -Plural | We | Had | not informed | my boss. |
| 2nd Person | You | Had | not informed | my boss. |
| 3rd Person -Singular | He/She/It/Ram | Had | not informed | my boss. |
| 3rd Person -Plural | They/boys | Had | not informed | my boss. |
Past Perfect Tense - Interrogative And Interrogative & Negative
| Past Perfect Tense - Interrogative And Interrogative & Negative | |
|---|---|
| Type of Sentence | Rule |
| Interrogative | Had + Subject + Verb (3rd form) + Object + (?) |
| Interrogative & Negative | Had + Subject + Not + Verb (3rd form) + Object + (?) |
Interrogative sentence of Past Perfect Tense starts with 'Had'. 3rd form of Verb is used in all types of its sentences.
पास्ट परफेक्ट टेन्स के प्रश्नवाचक वाक्य 'Had' से शुरु होते हैं और इसमें वर्ब की थर्ड फ़ॉर्म इस्तेमाल होती हैं ।
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| Past Perfect Tense - Interrogative | क्या हमने उसकी किताब छीनी थी? | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | Had | Subject | Verb (3rd Form) | Object |
| Ist person | Had | I | snatched | his book? |
| Ist Person -Plural | Had | we | snatched | his book? |
| 2nd Person | Had | you | snatched | his book? |
| 3rd Person -Singular | Had | he/she/it/Ram | snatched | his book? |
| 3rd Person -Plural | Had | they/boys | snatched | his book? |
| Past Perfect Tense - Interrogative And Interrogative & Negative | क्या वे रेनु के लिए मैड़िसिन नहीं लाए थे ? | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | Had | Subject | Not + Verb (3rd Form) | Object |
| Ist person | Had | I | not brought | medicine for Renu? |
| Ist Person -Plural | Had | we | not brought | medicine for Renu? |
| 2nd Person | Had | you | not brought | medicine for Renu? |
| 3rd Person -Singular | Had | he/she/it/Ram | not brought | medicine for Renu? |
| 3rd Person -Plural | Had | they/boys | not brought | medicine for Renu? |
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