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The Noun
Noun - A noun is a word used as the name of a person, animal, place, thing or idea. Everything which exists is represented
by a name and that naming word is a Noun. The word ‘everything’ means anything e.g. countable, uncountable, visible, invisible,
touchable, untouchable, events, feelings, etc. Nouns are words and not the real/actual things.
संज्ञा - संज्ञा वह शब्द है जो व्यक्ति, जानवर, स्थान, वस्तु, अवधारणा आदि के नाम के लिये प्रयोग होता है । सभी वस्तुएं जो अस्तित्व में हैं, एक नाम से जानी जाती है और वह नाम शब्द एक Noun है ।
शब्द 'सभी वस्तुएं' का मतलब कोई भी वस्तु जैसे : गिने जाने वाले, ना गिने जाने वाले, दिखने वाले, ना दिखने वाले, स्पर्श्य, अस्परर्श्य, घटनायें, भावनायें आदि । Noun शब्द है ना के वास्तविक/असली वस्तुएं ।
Examples of Nouns
| Person | Vartika, Kanika, Tom, Ashoka, doctor, girl, Princess, Queen, Soldier, Coursine, Indian |
| Animal | Dog, cat, lion, rabbit, horse, donkey, monkey, parraot, bird, crocodile |
| Place | Delhi, London, New York, school, college, garden, AkShardham, House, Taj Mahal, Factory |
| Things | Computer, table, book, speaker, fan, car, gold, glass, mobile, train, helicopter |
| Idea | Happiness, pride, politeness, helplessness, relation, nationality, excitement, childhood |
How to identify a Noun
The above definition of Noun states that name of everything is a Noun. However, there are certain words which may be Noun and Verb
like 'work'. Word 'work' is a verb and is also a noun. We can recognize a Noun by testing the following:
उपर दी गयी Noun की परिभाषा बताती है की प्रत्येक वस्तु का नाम Noun है । हालांकि कुछ शब्द है जो Noun और वर्ब हो सकते है जैसे 'work' । शब्द 'work' एक verb है और एक Noun भी है । हम Noun की पहचान इस प्रकार कर सकते हैं:
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| 1 | Noun usually (but not always) come after a determiners - a, an, the, my, this, some, a few, a lot. e.g.- a dog, a lot of money. | आमतौर पर Noun (हमेशा नही) determiners - (a, an, the, my, this, some, a few, a lot । जैसे :- a dog, a lot of money) के बाद आता है । |
| 2 | Noun may comes afer one or two Adjectives e.g.- my blue car, her long and black hair. | Noun एक या दो Adjective के बाद आ सकता है जैसे - मेरी नीली कार, उसके लम्बे और काले बाल । |
| 3 | Noun can have a plural forms. (Uncountable nouns do not have plural form but can be checked by adding words - any or some) e.g.- Computers, birds, some milk. | Noun का प्लुरल (बहुवचन) हो सकता है । (Uncountable Noun की प्लुरल फ़ॉर्म नही होती परंतु - 'any or some' शब्दों को लगाकर चेक किया जा सकता है जैसे - computer, birds, some milk । |
| 4 | Function of a word in sentence may also help in identification of noun - Broadly Noun acts as Subject and Object in a sentence. However, Pronoun can also be the Subject or Object in a sentence. | वाक्य में शब्द का कार्य भी Noun की पहचान में मदद कर सकता है । मोटेतौर पर Noun वाक्य में सब्जेक्ट और ऑब्जेक्ट की तरह कार्य करता है । सर्वनाम भी वाक्य में सब्जेक्ट और ऑब्जेक्ट हो सकता है । |
| 5 | Word endings may also help in identifying Noun like: | शब्दों का अंत भी Noun की पहचान करने में मदद कर सकता है जैसे: |
| -ist = Racist -ity = Cavity -ee = Trainee -ism = Socialism -dom = Freedom -ness = Firmness -ment = Excitement -hood = Brotherhood -er = Writer, Carpenter -or = Inspector, Director | ||
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Test of word 'Work' in two different sentences:
| They work very slow. (Word - Work) | The work was very slow. (Word - Work) |
|---|---|
| Determiners cannot be placed before it | Determiner 'The' is placed before it hence it is a Noun |
| No Adjective can be placed before it. | Adjective like 'Important', 'Simple and easy' can be placed before it hence it is a Noun |
| As per grammar in this tense it cannot be pluralized here | It can be plularized - The works were.... Hence it is a Noun |
| Word ending point - not relevant here | Word ending point - not relevant here |
| Here it is neither functioning as a Subject nor an Object. It is acting here as a Verb. | Here it is functioning as a Subject, hence it is a Noun |
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